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- $Unique_ID{BRK04037}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Nail-Patella Syndrome}
- $Subject{Nail-Patella Syndrome NPS Hereditary Onychoosteodysplasia
- Turner-Kieser Syndrome Fong Syndrome Nail-Patella-Like Renal Disease Alport's
- Syndrome }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1988, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 567:
- Nail-Patella Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Nail-Patella Syndrome)
- is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to find the
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- NPS
- Hereditary Onychoosteodysplasia
- Turner-Kieser Syndrome
- Fong Syndrome
-
- DISORDER SUBDIVISIONS
-
- Nail-Patella-Like Renal Disease
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Alport's Syndrome
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Nail-Patella Syndrome is a rare genetic nail, bone and kidney disorder
- linked to the ABO blood group. Major symptoms may include the absence or
- underdevelopment of finger and toe nails, and kneecaps (patella). The pelvic
- bone may be overgrown. Underdevelopment of the bones in the elbows is
- usually present and kidney problems may also occur.
-
- Symptoms
-
- The most common feature of Nail-Patella Syndrome is missing or excessively
- small kneecaps. Additionally, frequent dislocation of the kneecaps occurs
- due to joint deformity. The thumbnail is often affected and is either
- missing or cracked; it may have ridges or other deformities. The range of
- movement of the elbow is limited; either it is unable to extend properly or
- to relax its position completely. The pelvic bone develops bony overgrowths
- called iliac spurs. About half of the patients with Nail-Patella Syndrome
- also have kidney problems such as passing of protein or blood in the urine.
- Without treatment, kidney failure could occur.
-
- Causes
-
- The exact cause of Nail-Patella Syndrome is not known. It is thought to be
- inherited as an autosomal dominant trait linked to the ABO blood group.
- (Human traits including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of the
- interaction of two genes for that condition, one received from the father and
- one from the mother. In dominant disorders a single copy of the disease gene
- (received from either the mother or father) will be expressed "dominating"
- the other normal gene and resulting in appearance of the disease. The risk
- of transmitting the disorder from affected parent to offspring is fifty
- percent for each pregnancy regardless of the sex of the resulting child.)
-
- Affected Population
-
- Nail-Patella Syndrome is a rare disorder affecting females approximately ten
- percent more often than males.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Nail-Patella
- Syndrome. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Alport's Syndrome is a hereditary kidney disease characterized by blood
- and protein in the urine, kidney function impairment, nerve deafness and eye
- abnormalities. It occurs more often in females than males. However, the
- disease is more serious in males than females. Often the females have few or
- no sign of the disease while the males develop kidney problems during their
- twenties or thirties. Nerve deafness is more frequently present than eye
- abnormalities, which may include cataracts and other problems. (For more
- information on this disorder, choose "Alport" as your search term in the Rare
- Disease Database).
-
- The following disorder may be associated with Nail-Patella Syndrome as
- secondary characteristics. They are not necessary for a differential
- diagnosis:
-
- Nail-Patella-Like Renal Disease (Nail-Patella Syndrome Type), involves
- the kidneys without the symptoms of the bone and nail syndrome. However,
- electron microscopic tests indicate that the internal abnormal changes are
- the same.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Kidney disease associated with Nail-Patella Syndrome may consist
- of the use of dialysis and possibly transplants when severe kidney problems
- arise. Genetic counseling may be of benefit for patients and their families.
- Other treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- December 1988. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
- keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
- accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
- the most current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Nail-Patella Syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- National Kidney Foundation
- 2 Park Avenue
- New York, NY 10016
- (212) 889-2210
- (800) 622-9010
-
- American Kidney Fund
- 6110 Executive Blvd., Suite 1010
- Rockville, MD 20852
- (301) 881-3052
- (800) 638-8299
- (800) 492-8361 (MD)
-
- National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse
- Box NKUDIC
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 468-6345
-
- For genetic information and genetic counseling referrals:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 7th ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
- University Press, 1986. Pp.513, 1153.
-
- INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2nd Ed.: Jay H. Stein, ed.-in-chief; Little, Brown
- and Co., 1987. Pp.878.
-
- AN AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE DISORDER, WITH GLOMERULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE
- ABNORMALITIES SIMILAR TO THOSE SEEN IN THE NAIL PATELLA SYNDROME; REPORT OF A
- KINDRED. J. R. Salcedo, Am J Med Genet (1984, issue 19). Pp. 579-584.
-
-